75 Lakh Households Targeted for Rooftop Solar Installations by December 2026
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Article summary
Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy Shri Pralhad Joshi announced that the government has set a target of installing rooftop solar systems in 75 lakh (7.5 million) households by December 2026 under the PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana. Launched in February 2024, the scheme provides free electricity of up to 300 units per month to beneficiary households and offers central financial assistance of up to ₹78,000 per household. The initiative is a cornerstone of India's broader strategy to achieve 500 GW of non-fossil fuel-based electricity capacity by 2030, as pledged under its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the UNFCCC. Rooftop solar not only reduces household electricity bills but also decentralises energy generation, easing pressure on the national grid and reducing transmission losses. For UPSC aspirants, this scheme is critical at the intersection of energy security, climate commitments, fiscal policy, and social welfare.
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Sample questions — answers revealed after test
Q1. With reference to PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana, which of the following statements is correct?
Q2. A state government is designing a framework to operationalise PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana in its urban local bodies. Consider the following components it plans to include: 1. Routing all subsidy disbursements through the national online portal pmsuryaghar.gov.in 2. Mandating that installations be carried out only through MNRE-empanelled vendors 3. Integrating net-metering infrastructure through DISCOMs for prosumer management 4. Channelling the Central Financial Assistance through State Electricity Regulatory Commissions (SERCs) as the primary disbursement authority Which of the above components are consistent with the actual implementation architecture of the scheme?
Q3. Consider the following statements regarding PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana and India's broader renewable energy transition: 1. The scheme converts participating households into 'prosumers', meaning they both consume and feed surplus electricity back to the grid, which can reduce DISCOM revenues and necessitate revised net-metering and tariff frameworks. 2. Rooftop solar under this scheme directly contributes to India's NDC commitment of achieving 500 GW non-fossil fuel-based energy capacity by 2030. 3. The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for solar PV modules is unrelated to PM Surya Ghar, as PLI targets utility-scale solar projects and not rooftop installations. 4. Scaling rooftop solar helps reduce transmission and distribution losses, as energy is generated and consumed closer to the point of use. Which of the statements given above are correct?