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8 Jul 2026INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS3 questions

The Guwahati Declaration: BRICS Builds a Joint Front Against Synthetic Drugs

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Article summary

At the two-day BRICS Heads of Anti-Drug Agencies Meeting in Guwahati, Assam, the member states adopted the Guwahati Declaration, reaffirming a joint commitment to counter illicit drug trafficking and related transnational organised crime. The meeting was held under India's 2026 BRICS chairship, whose theme is 'Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability', and brought together Brazil, China, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Russia and the United Arab Emirates — the expanded BRICS grouping. The declaration calls for the timely exchange of information, intelligence and best practices in line with national laws and international obligations, and stresses the use of innovative technologies and data-driven approaches in law enforcement. India's Narcotics Control Bureau proposed creating a BRICS Virtual Working Group and expanding cross-border training. Members flagged the changing nature of the drug trade — the rise of synthetic drugs and new psychoactive substances (NPS), diversion of precursor chemicals, and misuse of virtual assets, digital platforms and maritime routes. For UPSC, the declaration is a compact case study in India's use of a plurilateral chairship to shape the security and governance agenda.

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recallTests whether you read the article and retained key facts.
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applicationTests whether you can apply the concept to a new scenario.
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analysisTests whether you can reason across multiple related facts.
1Q

Sample questions — answers revealed after test

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSRecallEasy

Q1. With reference to India's institutional framework for narcotics control, which one of the following statements is correct?

AThe Narcotics Control Bureau functions under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
BIndia's principal narcotics statute is the Prevention of Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs Act of 1985, the NDPS Act having been repealed.
CIndia lies between the Golden Triangle to its west and the Golden Crescent to its east.
DThe Narcotics Control Bureau, functioning under the Ministry of Home Affairs, is the nodal agency under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985, and India lies between the Golden Crescent and the Golden Triangle.
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INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSApplicationMedium

Q2. The Guwahati Declaration flags synthetic drugs and new psychoactive substances as a distinct challenge. Which one of the following best explains why they are harder to control than plant-based narcotics?

AThey are less addictive, so users are more difficult to identify through treatment records.
BThey require no cultivation, so there is no crop to interdict; production can be relocated to any laboratory, and new molecules can be synthesised faster than they can be added to controlled schedules.
CThey are lawful in every BRICS member state, which prevents coordinated enforcement.
DThey cannot be transported across borders, so enforcement effort is wasted on interdiction.
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INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSAnalysisHard

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding the Guwahati Declaration: 1. It was adopted at a meeting of BRICS Heads of Anti-Drug Agencies held under India's 2026 BRICS chairship. 2. Participants included Brazil, China, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Russia and the UAE, reflecting the grouping's enlargement. 3. It is a legally binding treaty obliging member states to harmonise their narcotics legislation within a fixed period. Which of the statements given above are correct?

A1 only
B1 and 2 only
C2 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3
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