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8 Jul 2026SOCIETY & SOCIAL ISSUES3 questions

Dropout Rates Fall, Teacher Strength Crosses 1 Crore: What UDISE+ 2025-26 Really Tells Us

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Article summary

The Union Ministry of Education released the UDISE+ 2025-26 report and the Performance Grading Index (PGI) 2.0 for 2025-26, the two principal administrative datasets that map the state of India's school system. Dropout rates fell at the preparatory (2.3% to 1.8%) and secondary (8.2% to 7.0%) levels, while the teaching workforce crossed one crore for the first time, reaching 1.02 crore, of whom 54.9% are women. Digital infrastructure improved, with school computer access rising from 64.7% to 69.9% and internet connectivity from 63.5% to 67.4%. The PGI 2.0 framework grades states (PGI-S) and districts (PGI-D) across 73 indicators, shifting the evaluation lens from inputs toward outcomes. Yet the reports also confirm that improved access and staffing have not automatically translated into better learning retention. For UPSC, this is a live case study in how India measures education, why the pupil-teacher ratio crossing the NEP 2020 benchmark is necessary but not sufficient, and how data systems shape social-sector governance.

What this tests

recallTests whether you read the article and retained key facts.
1Q
applicationTests whether you can apply the concept to a new scenario.
1Q
analysisTests whether you can reason across multiple related facts.
1Q

Sample questions — answers revealed after test

SOCIETY & SOCIAL ISSUESRecallEasy

Q1. With reference to UDISE+ and the Performance Grading Index, which one of the following statements is correct?

AUDISE+ is a decadal survey of schools conducted alongside the Census.
BPGI 2.0 ranks States in a single league table from first to last, using 73 indicators.
CUDISE+ covers only government schools, private institutions reporting separately to the respective State boards.
DUDISE+ is a real-time online school data system under the Ministry of Education covering about 14.7 lakh schools, and PGI 2.0 uses 73 indicators with graded categories rather than a single league-table rank.
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SOCIETY & SOCIAL ISSUESApplicationMedium

Q2. Dropout rates fell at the preparatory level from 2.3 to 1.8 per cent and at the secondary level from 8.2 to 7.0 per cent. Which one of the following inferences is best supported?

AThe preparatory stage requires the greater policy attention, since its rate fell by a smaller absolute margin.
BThe secondary stage remains the weakest link, since even after improvement its dropout rate is close to four times the preparatory rate, and it is where the largest exits still occur.
CDropout at both stages is now negligible, so retention policy can be wound down.
DThe larger fall at the secondary level indicates that the secondary stage is now performing better than the preparatory stage.
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SOCIETY & SOCIAL ISSUESAnalysisHard

Q3. Consider the following statements regarding UDISE+ 2025-26: 1. The teacher workforce crossed one crore for the first time, standing at 1.02 crore, with women constituting 54.9 per cent of teachers. 2. School computer availability rose from 64.7 to 69.9 per cent and internet connectivity from 63.5 to 67.4 per cent. 3. The national pupil-teacher ratio remains above the National Education Policy 2020 norm of 30:1, which the system has yet to meet. Which of the statements given above are correct?

A1 only
B1 and 2 only
C2 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3
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