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27 Jul 2026SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY3 questions

From Lab to Line: CSIR Hands Four Home-Grown Technologies to Industry

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Article summary

The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) transferred four indigenously developed technologies to industry, including a motor-diagnostic tool and an IoT-enabled rural water-monitoring system, moving them from public laboratories toward commercial production. CSIR, established in 1942 and among the world's largest publicly funded research organisations, runs a network of national laboratories across fields from chemistry and metallurgy to biology and instrumentation. Its research output has long faced the perennial challenge of commercialisation — the gap between an invention proven in the lab and a product manufactured and sold at scale, often called the 'valley of death' in innovation. A technology transfer, in which the research body licenses or hands its technology to a firm that will manufacture it, is the bridge across that gap. The transfer illustrates a policy priority of translating public research investment into domestic manufacturing and self-reliance, the value of which lies less in any single device than in the model of publicly funded science reaching the market.

What this tests

recallTests whether you read the article and retained key facts.
1Q
applicationTests whether you can apply the concept to a new scenario.
1Q
analysisTests whether you can reason across multiple related facts.
1Q

Sample questions — answers revealed after test

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYRecallEasy

Q1. In the innovation process, 'technology transfer' most accurately refers to which of the following?

AThe relocation of a research laboratory from one city to another.
BThe movement of a developed technology from a research organisation to a firm that will manufacture and commercialise it, through licensing or know-how transfer.
CThe import of foreign technology by a domestic company.
DThe training of scientists in new research methods.
Answer revealed after you submit the test
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYApplicationMedium

Q2. It is argued that the weakest link in India's innovation chain is commercialisation, not invention. Which one of the following best supports this claim?

AIndia produces very little scientific research and few patents.
BIndia generates substantial research and a growing volume of patents, but has lagged in converting them into manufactured products and revenue.
CIndian laboratories are unable to invent new technologies.
DForeign firms are barred from licensing Indian technologies.
Answer revealed after you submit the test
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYAnalysisHard

Q3. Consider the following statements: 1. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) functions under the Ministry of Science and Technology and runs a network of national laboratories. 2. Public laboratories can develop technologies whose social value exceeds their immediate commercial return, which private markets might under-provide. 3. Because a technology has been proven in the laboratory, its commercial scale-up is straightforward and requires no further funding or capability. Which of the statements given above are correct?

A1 and 2 only
B1 only
C2 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3
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