Reasons for unsustainability in production and consumption patterns

Evaluate the listed factors against the passage:

Statement 1 and 2 are explicitly confirmed: "Current production models rely heavily on fossil fuels. We now know that this is unsustainable because the resources are finite."

Statement 3 is reversed: the text notes that "expanding recycling" is a mitigating solution used by developed countries to "alleviate the worst effects," not a cause of the unsustainability itself.

Answer: (a).