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Q54·CSAT · Prelims 2022

Finding properties of the sum of all permutations of 3 distinct digits

NumericalNumber PuzzlesStatement-basedHard

Question

Let A, B and C represent distinct non-zero digits. Suppose x is the sum of all possible 3-digit numbers formed by A, B and C without repetition. Consider the following statements:

1The 4-digit least value of x is 1332.
2The 3-digit greatest value of x is 888.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Options

a

1 only

Answer
b

2 only

c

Both 1 and 2

d

Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

For any 3 distinct digits, the sum x of all their 6 possible permutations is given by the formula: x = 222 × (A + B + C).

Statement 1 asks for the least possible value. To minimize x, pick the smallest distinct non-zero digits: \{1, 2, 3\}. x = 222 × (1 + 2 + 3) = 222 × 6 = 1332. Since 1332 is a 4-digit number, Statement 1 is precisely correct.

Statement 2 asks for the greatest 3-digit value. However, we just proved that the absolute mathematical minimum for x is 1332. Because the lowest possible value is already 4 digits long, ⟨MATH⟩x⟨/MATH⟩ can never be a 3-digit number under any circumstances. Statement 2 is entirely false.

The sum of all N! permutations of an N-digit number composed of distinct digits D_i universally simplifies to: Sum = (D_1 + \dots + D_N) × (N-1)! × 111\dots1 (where the multiplier has N ones).

Answer: (a).

Question details

Year

2022

Paper

CSAT

Question

Q54

Section

Numerical Ability

Sub-topic

Number Puzzles

Type

Statement-based

Difficulty

Hard

Source hint

Sum of all possible 3-digit numbers formed by A, B, C

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