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Q60·CSAT · Prelims 2022

Establishing inequality relationships through percentage equations

NumericalPercentages & EquationsFactual singleHard

Question

When 70% of a number x is added to another number y, the sum becomes 165% of the value of y. When 60% of the number x is added to another number z, then the sum becomes 165% of the value of z. Which one of the following is correct?

Options

a

z < x < y

Answer
b

x < y < z

c

y < x < z

d

z < y < x

Explanation

Translate the percentage statements into algebraic equations:

Equation 1: 0.7x + y = 1.65y Subtract y from both sides: 0.7x = 0.65y. Solve for y in terms of x: y = 0.70/0.65x = 70/65x = 14/13x. Since 14/13 > 1, it is mathematically certain that ⟨MATH⟩y > x⟨/MATH⟩.

Equation 2: 0.6x + z = 1.65z Subtract z from both sides: 0.6x = 0.65z. Solve for z in terms of x: z = 0.60/0.65x = 60/65x = 12/13x. Since 12/13 < 1, it is mathematically certain that ⟨MATH⟩z < x⟨/MATH⟩.

Link the two inequalities together: z < x \quad and \quad x < y \implies z < x < y.

When building inequality chains from percentage statements, isolate all variables entirely in terms of a single common baseline parameter (x) to expose their relative weights instantly.

Answer: (a).

Question details

Year

2022

Paper

CSAT

Question

Q60

Section

Numerical Ability

Sub-topic

Percentages & Equations

Type

Factual single

Difficulty

Hard

Source hint

70% of x + y = 165% of y

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