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Q28·CSAT · Prelims 2023

Sum of digits of 9-digit repunit squared

NumericalNumber Properties & PatternsNumber theoryHard

Question

Each digit of a 9-digit number is 1. It is multiplied by itself. What is the sum of the digits of the resulting number?

Options

a

64

b

80

c

81

Answer
d

100

Explanation

A 9-digit number consisting entirely of ones is a repunit, written as 111,111,111. Squaring an n-digit repunit (where n \le 9) generates a perfect palindromic structure string running from 1 up to n and back down to 1.

For n = 9, the squared result is: 12345678987654321.

Calculate the sum of the digits of this resulting number: Sum = (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8) × 2 + 9 Sum = 36 × 2 + 9 = 72 + 9 = 81. Notice a shortcut identity: The sum of digits for the square of an ⟨MATH⟩n⟨/MATH⟩-digit repunit is always exactly ⟨MATH⟩n²⟨/MATH⟩. For n = 9, Sum = 9² = 81.

The sum of the digits of a squared repunit of length n (for n \le 9) is universally equal to .

Answer: (c).

Question details

Year

2023

Paper

CSAT

Question

Q28

Section

Numerical Ability

Sub-topic

Number Properties & Patterns

Type

Number theory

Difficulty

Hard

Source hint

Number theory

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