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Q6364/80Q65
Q64·CSAT · Prelims 2024

Evaluating statements related to remainders of polynomial expressions

NumericalRemainder TheoremStatement-basedHard

Question

A Question is given followed by two Statements I and II. Consider the Question and the Statements. Question: What are the unique values of x and y, where x, y are distinct natural numbers? Statement-I: x/y is odd. Statement-II: xy = 12

Options

a

The Question can be answered by using one of the Statements alone, but cannot be answered using the other Statement alone

b

The Question can be answered by using either Statement alone

c

The Question can be answered by using both the Statements together, but cannot be answered using either Statement alone

Answer
d

The Question cannot be answered even by using both the Statements together

Explanation

Analyze the conditions for data sufficiency independently:

Statement I indicates x/y is odd. An infinite number of distinct natural pairs can yield an odd quotient (e.g., 3/1, 6/2, 5/1). Insufficient.

Statement II states xy = 12. Since x and y are distinct natural numbers, list all possible factorization pairs (x, y): (12, 1), (1, 12), (6, 2), (2, 6), (4, 3), (3, 4). Because multiple unique pairs exist, Statement II alone is insufficient.

Combine both statements: We need pairs from Statement II where x/y evaluates to an odd integer:

Testing (12, 1) \rightarrow 12/1 = 12 (Even)
Testing (6, 2) \rightarrow 6/2 = 3 (Odd \rightarrow Valid)
Testing (4, 3) \rightarrow 4/3 (Not an integer)
Testing fraction inverses like (2, 6) \rightarrow 2/6 = 1/3 (Not an integer)

The only pair satisfying both rules is x = 6 and y = 2. This isolates a single unique solution. Thus, both statements together are sufficient.

In data sufficiency problems involving quotients like x/y = integer, verify that the division results in a whole integer before assessing if it matches the odd/even condition.

Answer: (c).

Question details

Year

2024

Paper

CSAT

Question

Q64

Section

Numerical Ability

Sub-topic

Remainder Theorem

Type

Statement-based

Difficulty

Hard

Source hint

Number theory polynomial remainders

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