Evaluating data sufficiency for determining an original price before discount
Question
A Question is given followed by two Statements I and II. Consider the Question and the Statements. There are three distinct prime numbers whose sum is a prime number. Question: What are those three numbers? Statement-I: Their sum is less than 23. Statement-II: One of the numbers is 5.
Options
The Question can be answered by using one of the Statements alone, but cannot be answered using the other Statement alone
The Question can be answered by using either Statement alone
The Question can be answered by using both the Statements together, but cannot be answered using either Statement alone
The Question cannot be answered even by using both the Statements together
Explanation
We require three distinct primes p_1, p_2, p_3 whose sum S = p_1 + p_2 + p_3 is also prime. For a sum of three integers to be an odd prime, the set must contain the only even prime, 2. If all three were odd, their sum would be odd + odd + odd = odd, which can be prime. Wait, let's re-verify the parity: Odd + Odd + Odd = Odd, so a set of three odd primes can sum to an odd prime (e.g., 3 + 5 + 11 = 19).
Let's test the statements: Statement I: S < 23. Possible combinations yielding prime sums < 23:
Is \{3, 5, 11\} the only one? What about \{2, 3, 5\} \rightarrow S = 10 (No). What about \{2, 7, 11\} \rightarrow S = 20 (No). What about \{2, 5, 7\} \rightarrow S = 14 (No). Thus, \{3, 5, 11\} appears to be unique under 23 if all elements are distinct primes. Let's double check if there are others. What about \{2, 3, 11\} = 16 (No). What about \{2, 5, 13\} = 20 (No).
Let's check if Statement I alone isolates \{3, 5, 11\}. If it does, Statement I is sufficient. Let's re-verify if any other triplet works. What about \{2, 7, 13\} = 22 (No). So \{3, 5, 11\} is the unique solution under 23. This would make Statement I alone sufficient, pointing to option (a).
Answer: a
Question details
Year
2024
Paper
CSAT
Question
Q67
Section
Data Interpretation & Sufficiency
Sub-topic
Profit & Loss
Type
Statement-based
Difficulty
Medium
Source hint
Data sufficiency evaluation
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