Parliamentary Government Principles in India

Statement 1 is correct. In Indian parliamentary democracy, Ministers (Cabinet members) must be members of either the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha. This is a fundamental principle of parliamentary government. Statement 2 is correct. Ministers hold office during the pleasure of the President, but practically they hold office so long as they retain the confidence of the Parliament (specifically the Lok Sabha). If they lose the confidence of the Parliament through a no-confidence motion, they must resign. Statement 3 is incorrect. The Cabinet is headed by the Prime Minister, not the Head of the State (President). The Prime Minister is the chief executive in a parliamentary system, while the President is the Head of State and holds nominal executive authority. Therefore, statements 1 and 2 are correct. > Parliamentary government requires ministers from Parliament itself and their tenure depends on legislative confidence—principles that define India's democratic accountability. Answer: (a).