Sugar Industry By-products Uses

Statement 1 is correct—bagasse, the fibrous residue left after extracting juice from sugarcane, is widely used as biomass fuel in sugar mills for cogeneration of electricity and heat. Statement 2 is correct—molasses, the viscous byproduct remaining after sugar crystallization, serves as a feedstock for ammonia production through fermentation, and can be used in fertilizer production. Statement 3 is correct—molasses is fermented to produce ethanol, a biofuel and industrial chemical. All three statements are accurate descriptions of sugar industry by-products utilization. > Sugar industry waste management: Bagasse→energy; Molasses→fertilizers and biofuel—exemplifying circular economy. Answer: d.