Mycorrhizal biotechnology applications

All three statements are correct regarding mycorrhizal benefits. Statement 1: Mycorrhizal fungi extend the root system and increase nutrient and water absorption capacity, helping plants resist drought. Statement 2: Mycorrhizae help plants tolerate acidic and alkaline soils by buffering pH extremes through their hyphal networks. Statement 3: Mycorrhizal associations improve plant health and disease resistance by enhancing nutrient uptake and producing antimicrobial compounds. Mycorrhizae are widely used in phytoremediation and ecological restoration of degraded lands, mining sites, and polluted areas because they provide these multiple benefits simultaneously. > Mycorrhizal Functions: Mycorrhizae improve water-nutrient uptake, pH tolerance, and disease resistance, making them invaluable for ecological restoration and bioremediation. Answer: (d).