Indian National Congress split

The Swadeshi Movement (1905 onwards), which emerged from the Partition of Bengal in 1905, led to the ideological split in the Indian National Congress between moderates and extremists. Moderates like Gopal Krishna Gokhale believed in constitutional and peaceful methods, while extremists like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai, and Bipin Chandra Pal advocated for more militant nationalism and direct action. The Quit India Movement (1942), Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22), and Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-34) occurred after this split was already established. > The Swadeshi Movement intensified the moderates versus extremists debate within the Congress during the early 1900s.