Concept of Rights in Political Theory

Rights in a constitutional democracy are fundamentally claims that citizens make against the State, seeking protection of their freedoms and entitlements. Option (a) is reversed—the State does not make claims as 'rights' against citizens; the State exercises powers. Option (b) is incorrect because rights are not mere privileges; they are protected entitlements, and privileges can be withdrawn arbitrarily while rights have legal protection. Option (d) is incorrect because rights are universal claims for all citizens, not privileges for a few. The correct understanding is that rights represent the minimum claims citizens can make against the State for their well-being and dignity. > Rights = Claims of citizens against the State for protection of freedoms.