Economic development indicators

While GNP and per capita GNP are important economic indicators, they do not fully capture economic development. Economic development encompasses broader aspects including quality of life, poverty reduction, employment generation, and human welfare. If poverty and unemployment increase despite rising GNP, it indicates that the growth is not broadly distributed and not translating into improved living standards for the population. This is a case of economic growth without development. Options (a) and (b) about relative growth between agriculture and industry don't negate development - both can grow. Option (d) about imports versus exports is a trade concern but doesn't invalidate development if there is internal welfare improvement. Option (c) correctly identifies that persistent poverty and unemployment indicate growth without meaningful development. > Distinction: Growth = ↑GNP; Development = ↓Poverty + ↓Unemployment + ↑Welfare. Answer: (c).