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Q43·GS Paper 1 · Prelims 2022

Ecological function of wetlands corresponding to water purification

EnvironmentEcology & EcosystemsFactual singleMediumStatic

Question

"If rainforests and tropical forests are the lungs of the Earth, then surely wetlands function as its kidneys." Which one of the following functions of wetlands best reflects the above statement?

Options

a

The water cycle in wetlands involves surface runoff, subsoil percolation and evaporation.

b

Algae form the nutrient base upon which fish, crustaceans, molluscs, birds, reptiles and mammals thrive.

c

Wetlands play a vital role in maintaining sedimentation balance and soil stabilization.

d

Aquatic plants absorb heavy metals and excess nutrients.

Answer

Explanation

The human kidneys function primarily to filter toxins and waste out of the bloodstream. Applying this metaphor to an ecosystem, wetlands act as the Earth's kidneys because their unique aquatic plants actively filter and absorb heavy metals, toxins, and excess nutrients from the water passing through them.

The "lungs" metaphor refers to oxygen production/carbon storage; the "kidneys" metaphor specifically points to biological filtration and purification of pollutants.

Answer: (d).

Question details

Year

2022

Paper

GS Paper 1

Question

Q43

Subject

Environment

Sub-topic

Ecology & Ecosystems

Type

Factual single

Difficulty

Medium

Nature

Static

Source hint

Ramsar Ecosystem Services / Wetland Hydro-Biological Bio-Filtration

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