Economic growth vs development; HDI, MPI
E-1.1.2Probable
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Exam Strategy
UPSC tests this via MCQs requiring distinction between growth (quantitative GDP rise) and development (qualitative human welfare). HDI and MPI comparisons with GDP rank appear 1-2 times per prelims cycle. Examiners probe understanding of why India's GDP rank ≠ HDI rank, and trap candidates confusing MPI (poverty) with HDI (development).
High-yield hooks
1
Growth = GDP↑; Development = Human welfare↑
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HDI measures education, health, income simultaneously
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MPI tracks multidimensional deprivation, not just income
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India ranks higher in GDP than HDI globally
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NITI Aayog computes MPI for Indian states/districts
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SCANECONOMY/GROWTH-vs-DEVELOPMENTECONOMY/HDI-MPIPOLITY/NITI-AAYOG