Rituals›Prelims GS I›History & Indian Heritage›Mahajanapadas, Buddhism & Jainism (6th–4th century BCE)

Jainism: doctrines, tirthankaras, sects

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Exam Strategy

UPSC Prelims tests Jainism primarily through factual questions on the 24 Tirthankaras (especially Mahavira as 24th), core doctrines (Ahimsa, Anekantavada, Aparigraha), and the Digambara-Shvetambara schism. Examiners often cross-test with Buddhism on 6th-century BCE reform movements; common pitfall is confusing Jain concepts with Buddhist equivalents or misremembering Mahavira's chronology relative to Buddha.

High-yield hooks
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24 Tirthankaras: Rishabhanatha first, Mahavira last

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Triple Jewels: Right Faith, Right Knowledge, Right Conduct

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Ahimsa, Anekantavada, Aparigraha—core Jain doctrines

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Digambara (sky-clad) vs Shvetambara (white-clad) split

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Mahavira (599–527 BCE): founder of modern Jainism

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SCANHISTORY/ANCIENT-RELIGIONSHISTORY/MAHAJANAPADAS