Jainism: doctrines, tirthankaras, sects

UPSC Prelims tests Jainism primarily through factual questions on the 24 Tirthankaras (especially Mahavira as 24th), core doctrines (Ahimsa, Anekantavada, Aparigraha), and the Digambara-Shvetambara schism. Examiners often cross-test with Buddhism on 6th-century BCE reform movements; common pitfall is confusing Jain concepts with Buddhist equivalents or misremembering Mahavira's chronology relative to Buddha.