Reform organisations — founder, year, focus
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UPSC Prelims tests this through direct MCQs matching founder-organisation-year-focus combinations. Examiners focus on founding years (often ±1-2 years as distractors), primary reformers' names, and the specific social evil each organisation targeted. Common errors: confusing Keshab Chandra Sen with Debendranath Tagore, misremembering Brahmo Samaj's founding year, and conflating Arya Samaj's Vedic revival with Brahmo Samaj's rationalism.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy—Brahmo Samaj 1828—sati abolition pioneer
Debendranath Tagore—Brahmo Samaj 1843—Tattvabodhini Sabha intellectual reform
Keshab Chandra Sen—Brahmo Samaj reformist—women's education & caste
Dayananda Saraswati—Arya Samaj 1875—Vedic return & widow remarriage
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar—widow remarriage & female education champion
Jyotirao Phule—Satyashodhak Samaj 1873—anti-Brahmanical egalitarianism