Classification — high-trap zone
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UPSC frequently tests the distinction between Constitutional, Statutory, and Non-Constitutional bodies through scenario-based MCQs where candidates confuse powers and jurisdictions. Examiners target: (1) Which bodies derive authority from Constitution vs Parliament vs Executive Order, (2) Overlapping mandates of bodies like CAT, NCW, NHRC, (3) Implications of each classification on independence, tenure, and accountability. Common trap: assuming all important bodies are Constitutional; many high-profile bodies like CBI, UPSC committees are statutory or non-constitutional.
Constitutional bodies = Part III-IV direct authority; cannot be abolished by Parliament alone
Statutory bodies = Created by Parliament Acts; can be modified or dissolved by new legislation
Non-Constitutional bodies = Executive orders, government notifications; weakest legal standing
Constitutional > Statutory > Non-Constitutional in terms of permanence and independence
UPSC, Election Commission, Finance Commission = Constitutional; CBI, SEBI, RBI = Statutory; ad-hoc committees = Non-Constitutional