Syllogism evaluation with basic Venn diagram propositions
Question
Two Statements followed by four Conclusions are given below. You have to take the Statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts. Read all the Conclusions and then decide which of the given Conclusions logically follows/follow from the Statements, disregarding the commonly known facts: Statement-1: All pens are books. Statement-2: No chair is a pen. Conclusion-I: All chairs are books. Conclusion-II: Some chairs are pens. Conclusion-III: All books are chairs. Conclusion-IV: No chair is a book.
Options
Only Conclusion-I
Only Conclusion-II
Both Conclusion-III and Conclusion-IV
None of the Conclusions follows
Explanation
Draw the Venn diagram based on the premises:
Now evaluate the boundary limits for Chairs (C): Because Chairs cannot touch Pens, the Chair circle must stay outside the Pen circle. However, since the Pen circle is inside the Book circle, the Chair circle can legally exist completely outside Books, partially overlapping Books, or entirely inside the non-Pen section of Books.
Check Conclusions:
Since none of these relationships are guaranteed to be true in all possible diagrams, none logically follow.
Answer: (d).
Question details
Year
2022
Paper
CSAT
Question
Q38
Section
Logical & Analytical Reasoning
Sub-topic
Syllogism
Type
Factual single
Difficulty
Easy
Source hint
All pens are books. No chair is a pen.
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