Identifying the logical inference regarding food wastage

Evaluate the four choices given in the text :

Statement 1 argues that current methods are "solely responsible". This extreme descriptor is unsupported, as the text simply says waste occurs throughout the chain .

Statement 2 is valid because the text explicitly connects food wastage to a 45% land degradation caused by unsustainable production , which directly hurts long-term productivity.

Statement 3 is valid as the passage states that energy spent on wasted food produces 3.5 billion tonnes of CO_2 annually ; reducing waste directly decreases this carbon footprint.

Statement 4 asserts that post-harvest technologies "are not available". This absolute claim is an external assumption not found in the text.

Since statements 2 and 3 are correct, the matching option is (b).

Answer: (b).