Optimizing arithmetic operators to find the smallest non-negative value
Question
In the expression 5 4 3 2 1, * is chosen from +, -, × each at most two times. What is the smallest non-negative value of the expression?
Options
3
2
1
0
Explanation
We want to configure the mathematical operators `+`, `-`, and `×` inside 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 to yield the minimum non-negative value (>= 0), using no operator more than twice.
Let us explicitly check if we can achieve 0 by testing operator combinations under BODMAS rules: Try placing a multiplication at the end to group small terms: 5 + 4 - 3 - 2 × 1. By BODMAS, compute multiplication first: 2 × 1 = 2. The expression becomes: 5 + 4 - 3 - 2. Evaluate left-to-right: 9 - 3 - 2 = 4.
Let's optimize to isolate 0. Try using subtraction and multiplication aggressively: 5 - 4 + 3 - 2 × 1 = 5 - 4 + 3 - 2 = 2.
Now try another arrangement: 5 - 4 - 3 + 2 × 1 = 5 - 4 - 3 + 2 = 1 - 3 + 2 = 0. Checking our used operator counts for 5 - 4 - 3 + 2 × 1: `-` is used 2 times, `+` is used 1 time, `×` is used 1 time. All counts satisfy the "at most two times" rule. The value is exactly 0.
Answer: (d).
Question details
Year
2024
Paper
CSAT
Question
Q6
Section
Numerical Ability
Sub-topic
Mathematical Operations
Type
Factual single
Difficulty
Hard
Source hint
Smallest non-negative value of expression 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1
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