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Q6·CSAT · Prelims 2024

Optimizing arithmetic operators to find the smallest non-negative value

NumericalMathematical OperationsFactual singleHard

Question

In the expression 5 4 3 2 1, * is chosen from +, -, × each at most two times. What is the smallest non-negative value of the expression?

Options

a

3

b

2

c

1

d

0

Answer

Explanation

We want to configure the mathematical operators `+`, `-`, and `×` inside 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 to yield the minimum non-negative value (>= 0), using no operator more than twice.

Let us explicitly check if we can achieve 0 by testing operator combinations under BODMAS rules: Try placing a multiplication at the end to group small terms: 5 + 4 - 3 - 2 × 1. By BODMAS, compute multiplication first: 2 × 1 = 2. The expression becomes: 5 + 4 - 3 - 2. Evaluate left-to-right: 9 - 3 - 2 = 4.

Let's optimize to isolate 0. Try using subtraction and multiplication aggressively: 5 - 4 + 3 - 2 × 1 = 5 - 4 + 3 - 2 = 2.

Now try another arrangement: 5 - 4 - 3 + 2 × 1 = 5 - 4 - 3 + 2 = 1 - 3 + 2 = 0. Checking our used operator counts for 5 - 4 - 3 + 2 × 1: `-` is used 2 times, `+` is used 1 time, `×` is used 1 time. All counts satisfy the "at most two times" rule. The value is exactly 0.

When target-matching values like 0 in operator puzzles, strategically group the lowest digits using multiplication to give you granular control over addition and subtraction components.

Answer: (d).

Question details

Year

2024

Paper

CSAT

Question

Q6

Section

Numerical Ability

Sub-topic

Mathematical Operations

Type

Factual single

Difficulty

Hard

Source hint

Smallest non-negative value of expression 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1

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