Tebhaga Peasant Movement

The Tebhaga movement (tebhaga means 'three shares' or 'one-third share') was launched in Bengal in the 1940s by Communist-led peasants. The primary demand was for reduction of the landlord's share of the crop from one-half (50%) to one-third (33.33%), meaning peasants would retain two-thirds of the produce. This movement specifically focused on sharecroppers and tenant farmers who were forced to give half their produce to landlords. While the movement had broader anti-feudal aspects, the distinctive and primary demand was captured by the term 'Tebhaga' itself - demanding one-third share for landlords instead of one-half. Options (b) and (c) were more radical demands of other movements, and (d) was not the specific demand of Tebhaga.