Buddhist rock-cut cave architecture
Question
Some Buddhist rock-cut caves are called Chaityas, while the others are called Viharas. What is the difference between the two?
Options
Vihara is a place of worship, while Chaitya is the dwelling place of the monks
Chaitya is a place of worship, while Vihara is the dwelling place of the monks
Chaitya is the stupa at the far end of the cave, while Vihara is the hall axial to it
There is no material difference between the two
Explanation
In Buddhist rock-cut architecture, Chaityas are prayer halls or places of worship, typically featuring a central chamber with a stupa at the far end. Viharas are monastic residences or dwelling places for Buddhist monks, containing cells and communal spaces. The fundamental distinction is functional - Chaityas serve as congregational worship spaces while Viharas serve as residential quarters for the monastic community. This architectural distinction is evident in caves at Ajanta, Ellora, and other Buddhist sites. > Chaitya = worship hall with stupa. Vihara = monk's monastery dwelling. Answer: (b).
Question details
Year
2014
Paper
GS Paper 1
Question
Q36
Subject
History
Sub-topic
Art and Architecture
Type
Factual single
Difficulty
Medium
Nature
Static
Source hint
NCERT History - Ancient India Architecture
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