Nirvana in Buddhist philosophy

Nirvana in Buddhism is best understood as the extinction of the three poisons of desire, hatred, and delusion, with desire being primary. The Buddha used the metaphor of a flame being extinguished to describe the cessation of craving and attachment. This is not annihilation of self (which contradicts Buddhist philosophy of non-self), nor is it merely a state of bliss (which would be too materialistic), nor is it incomprehensible (it can be attained through the Eightfold Path). The concept emphasizes the removal of desire and craving as the path to liberation from suffering. > Nirvana = extinction of desire/craving (the flame going out). Not annihilation, not just bliss, not incomprehensible. Answer: (a).