Medieval Indian Social Movements

Both statements are correct. Statement 1 is accurate: the Siddhas (or Sittars) of the Tamil region were mystic saints and poets who advocated monotheism and criticized idol worship. They emphasized direct communion with the divine and rejected ritualism. Statement 2 is also correct: the Lingayats (founded by Basaveshwara in the 12th century in the Kannada region) questioned various aspects of Orthodox Hinduism, including the theory of rebirth and the rigid caste system. They advocated for social equality and a personal relationship with Shiva. Both movements were significant reform movements in medieval India challenging established religious and social norms. > Siddhas + Lingayats = Medieval Anti-Caste Reform Movements. Answer: c.