Indian Society & Social Issues

Indian society, its salient features; diversity of India; role of women; population and associated issues; poverty and developmental issues; urbanisation; globalisation and its effects on Indian society.— UPSC Mains Syllabus

Caste, class, gender, tribe, religion, region and their intersection with development outcomes. UPSC tests through the governance lens — what are the policy implications of these social structures? Questions demand both diagnosis (what is the problem) and prescription (what institutional response is constitutionally grounded).